The report also notes that taking more than 4,000 IU of vitamin D daily (up from 2,000 IU) or 2,000 mg of calcium daily (down from 2,500 mg) increases the risk for harm.

The 2010 recommendations update those set in 1997. Women, beginning at age 51, and both men and women over age 71, need 1,200 mg of calcium a day, the same as in 1997. Men need 1,000 mg daily until age 71, down from 1,200 mg in 1997. Men and women 71 and older need 800 IU, up from 600 IU.

The acid-neutralizing capacity of calcium carbonate is 58 mEq/15 ml.When used as a nutritional supplement, calcium carbonate acts by directly increasing calcium stores within the body.Adults up to age 70 need 600 IU (international units) daily, up from 400 IU in 1997. Antacids work by restoring acid-base balance, attenuating the pepsin activity and increasing bicarbonate and prostaglandin secretion. Gastric-peptic disease occurs as a result of an imbalance between protective factors, such as mucus, bicarbonate, and prostaglandin secretion, and aggressive factors, such as hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and Helicobacter pylori (H. during pregnancy and lactation, and in children and adolescents at time of rapid growth, inadequate intake of calcium in the diet due to malnutrition, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, disorders of osteogenesis and tooth formation, latent tetany. Indicated in raised calcium requirement e.g. For calcium carbonate the postulated chemical reaction is: Calcium carbonate reacts with gastric acid to produce a salt and water.

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